Sample Registration System (SRS) Statistical Report 2023 Released

Posted 05 Sep 2025

2 min read

Article Summary

The 2023 SRS report highlights declining fertility, improving infant and female under-5 mortality rates, and gender ratio shifts, reflecting progress and challenges in India's demographic landscape.

SRS is the one of the world’s largest demographic survey carried out by the Office of Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India to provide annual estimates of fertility as well as mortality.

Key Highlights of Report

Total Fertility Rate (TFR): 1.9 nationally in 2023, below replacement level (2.1);
- Bihar highest (2.8), Delhi lowest (1.2).
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): 25 in 2023, down from 26 in 2022 and 32 in 2018.
- Highest in Chhattisgarh, MP & UP (37), lowest in Kerala (5).
- 1 in 40 infants die before age one.
Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR): Declined to 29 in 2023 from 30 in 2022, due to fall in female U5MR.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR): 18.4 at national level (2023);
- Highest in Bihar (25.8), lowest in Tamil Nadu (12.0).
Crude Death Rate (CDR): 6.4 nationally (2023);
- Highest in Chhattisgarh (8.3), lowest in Delhi (4.5).
Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB): Improved to 917 (2021–23) from 914 (2020-22);
- Highest in Chhattisgarh (974), lowest in Uttarakhand (868).
- Also, it was 914 in rural and 925 in urban areas.

Key Terms

TFR: It is the average number of children a woman would have during her reproductive years.
IMR: It is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births.
U5MR: It is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.
CBR: It is the number of live births per 1,000 people in the mid of a given year.
CDR: It is the number of deaths per 1,000 people in the mid of a given year.
Sex ratio: It refers to the number of females for every 1,000 males in a population.