Under UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement, India submitted first NDCs in 2015, updated them in 2022 and now announced its targets for 2031-2035.
- NDCs are post-2020 climate action plans required to be submitted by countries who are party to the Paris Agreement.
- NDCs are submitted every five years to the UNFCCC secretariat.
Initiatives for Achieving NDCs
- Climate Change Action Plans: India’s NDC is operationalized through the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and its nine national missions, as well as the State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC).
- Clean Energy: Green Hydrogen Mission, PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, Push for Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS), and international partnerships such as International Solar Alliance (ISA), Leadership Group for Industry Transition (Lead-IT) etc.
- Climate Adaptation: National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture, MISHTI (Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes), climate-resilient infrastructure, targeted programmes for glacier monitoring, and sustainable livelihoods in Himalayan states etc.
- People-Mobilization: Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE) Mission to nudge individuals and community action for environmental protection.
