Rethinking Anaemia's Causes in India

A recent study challenges the conventional belief that iron deficiency is the primary cause of anaemia in India. Conducted by multiple institutions and published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, it suggests that factors like Vitamin B12 deficiency and air pollution also play significant roles.

Anaemia Overview

• Anaemia is characterized by symptoms like weakness, fatigue, and paleness.
• Caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBC) or haemoglobin, which carry oxygen to cells.
• Traditionally attributed to iron deficiency due to its role in RBC production.

Implications for Policy

• The study suggests a need for policy interventions beyond iron supplementation.
• Highlighted the importance of diverse diets, including more fruits, milk, and vegetables, to improve nutrient absorption.
• Calls for economic changes to make high-quality diets more accessible to the wider population.

Anaemia Mukt Bharat Initiative

• Includes six interventions: prophylactic iron folic acid supplementation, periodic de-worming, behavior change communication, anaemia testing using digital hemoglobinometers, and provision of fortified foods.