India Justice Report (IJR) 2025 Findings
The India Justice Report (IJR) 2025 highlights the representation of women in India's police force and evaluates the justice delivery mechanisms across various states. Key findings from the report are outlined below:
Women in Police Force
- Less than 1,000 women officers occupy senior ranks in India's 20.3 lakh strong police force.
- Women officers in non-IPS ranks constitute just 8% of the 3.1 lakh total officers, with 90% of these women in the constabulary rank.
- The number of non-IPS women officers is slightly over 25,000.
State Rankings
- Karnataka ranks as the top state overall among large and mid-sized states (population over one crore).
- It is followed by Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Kerala in justice delivery mechanisms.
- Smaller states ranking: Sikkim leads among seven smaller states, followed by Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh.
- Among other states, Bihar recorded the most improvement between IJR 2022 and IJR 2025, followed by Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
Training and Upskilling
There is a noted lack of training among police personnel, highlighting the need for upskilling, as per the data from BPR&D, NCRB, NHRC, and SHRC.
Impact of Criminal Laws
The impact of three new criminal laws introduced by the government remains uncertain, as noted by Maja Daruwala, Chief Editor, ICJ. Key considerations include potential benefits like quicker trials and alternative punishment, along with concerns about longer incarceration and bail restrictions.
Report Initiation and Collaboration
The IJR was initiated by the Tata Trusts in 2019. The fourth edition is brought out with partners like the Centre for Social Justice, Common Cause, Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, and others.
Southern States Performance
- Five southern states, including Karnataka, dominated rankings due to better performance across four pillars.
- Karnataka is the only state meeting caste quotas for SCs, STs, and OBCs in both constabulary and officer levels, as well as in the district judiciary.
- Kerala has the lowest vacancy among high court judges.
- Tamil Nadu ranks top in prisons with a low occupancy rate of 77%, compared to the national average of over 131%.
- Telangana and Andhra Pradesh excel in police rankings, securing first and second places respectively.