World Day Against Child Labor
June 12 is recognized annually as World Day Against Child Labor (WDACL) under the auspices of the International Labour Organization (ILO). The day aims to spotlight the issue of child labor and unite governments, employers, workers’ organizations, and civil society to work towards its eradication.
Current Global Situation
- Globally, approximately 160 million children, or one in 10 children, are involved in child labor.
- The regions of Africa, Asia, and the Pacific account for nearly nine out of every 10 child laborers.
- The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the situation, as many underprivileged children have not returned to school after closures and economic hardships.
Child Labor in India
India faces significant challenges with child labor:
- The 2011 Census reported 43.53 lakh children aged five to 14 involved in labor, driven by poverty, lack of access to education, and illiteracy.
- Common industries employing child labor include beedi making, carpet weaving, and fireworks.
Legislation and Policies
- The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was established in 1986, with subsequent amendments in 2016 prohibiting employment of children under 14.
- The Right to Education mandates free and compulsory education for children aged six to 14.
Success Story: Velpur Mandal
Velpur Mandal in the Nizamabad district, previously known for child labor, became a model for eradicating the practice through community involvement.
Strategies Implemented
- In 2001, a campaign was launched to enroll all children aged five to 15 in school and end child labor.
- Community resistance was overcome by persistent efforts, education, and public engagement.
- Former employers abandoned debts owed by parents, easing child labor constraints.
- Sarpanchs signed agreements with the government to ensure children's school attendance.
Outcomes and Recognition
- Velpur was declared a "child labor free mandal" on October 2, 2001, and remains so, with 100% school retention.
- The initiative has been celebrated and documented by the ILO and other organizations.
- The Velpur model is a part of training programs organized by the V.V. Giri National Labour Institute.
Community Impact
The Velpur success story exemplifies how social issues can be effectively addressed when they transform into community-driven movements.
The campaign has been recognized by notable figures, including former President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, and has been studied by various experts and committees for its successful approach.
