Comparative Analysis: Pakistan and Iran
The geopolitical issues concerning Pakistan and Iran share similarities from New Delhi's perspective, especially regarding nuclear threats and terrorism.
Nuclear Weapons Programme
- Pakistan managed to achieve nuclear enrichment outside the NPT (Non-Proliferation Treaty).
- Iran, struggling within the NPT, was supported by the A Q Khan network for nuclear technology and resources.
A Q Khan Network and Proliferation
The A Q Khan network connected nuclear ambitions of Iran, Pakistan, and North Korea, with China's support, providing designs and dual-use items illegally.
Interlinked Threats
- An IRGC general’s claim that Pakistan would use a nuclear bomb on Israel to defend Iran highlights the deep connections within these nuclear programmes.
- Pakistan, under pressure, seeks to assert its position without alienating the US.
Pakistan's Political Dynamics
Despite safeguards, growing radicalisation within Pakistan, illustrated by Asim Munir's rise as a radical chief of the Pakistan Army, poses risks to nuclear command and control.
Comparative Geopolitics: India and Israel
- Both nations face similar threats, leading to closer ties.
- Use of Israeli military technology, such as Harpy and Harop drones, has proven effective for India.
- India’s stance on Israel is shifting, as seen in its distancing from SCO's anti-Israel statement.
US-Pakistan Relations
- Historically, the US had provided economic and military aid to Pakistan despite its nuclear ambitions, justified by strategic needs in Afghanistan.
- The Pressler Amendment allowed Pakistan's nuclear development while maintaining US aid.
- Trump's differentiated approach to Iran and Pakistan overlooks the network's historical impact on proliferation.
Conclusion: Strategic Implications
India and Israel’s concerns over Pakistan’s nuclear status are longstanding. These issues, rooted in historical nuclear proliferation dynamics, require vigilant international scrutiny and strategic alliances.
