Electric Truck (E-Truck) Scheme in India
The launch of the electric truck scheme marks a significant advancement in India's vehicle electrification strategy, shifting focus from passenger cars to trucks, particularly medium- and heavy-duty trucks (MHDTs), which have been major contributors to fuel consumption and harmful emissions.
Current Impact of Trucks
- They contribute to nearly 40% of on-road fuel consumption.
- Account for 44% of transport's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
- Responsible for approximately 50% of particulate and NOx emissions.
Significance of Electrification
- Essential for addressing air quality and public health issues in urban areas.
- Central to India's climate commitments and urban health priorities.
- Helps reduce logistics costs, currently at 13% of GDP, higher than the global average.
Environmental Benefits
- E-trucks emit 17-37% less GHG than diesel trucks with the current grid mix.
- Emissions can be reduced by 85-88% when powered by renewable energy (RE).
Key Areas for Focus
1. Long-term Electrification Roadmap
- Clear timelines for phasing out internal combustion engine (ICE) trucks.
- Set electrification milestones by vehicle segment and integrate strategies like green hydrogen.
2. Charging Infrastructure
- Trucks need high-capacity, commercial-grade chargers located strategically.
- Infrastructure planning should be based on freight movement data.
- Differentiate between light-duty e-trucks and long-haul heavy-duty truck needs.
3. Supply-side Regulations
- Develop fuel efficiency norms for MHDTs with a CAFE-like structure.
- Introduce zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) sales mandates.
These measures aim to enhance the availability and affordability of e-trucks, promote innovation, and support local manufacturing, thereby aiding India's transition towards sustainable transport.