Global Progress in Combating Undernourishment
The United Nations' report on "The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025" highlights a decline in global undernourishment. In 2024, 673 million people (8.2% of the world's population) were undernourished, down from 688 million in 2023.
India's Role in Food Security
- India has significantly contributed to global progress through strategic policy investments in food security and nutrition, leveraging digital technology and improved governance.
- Undernourishment in India declined from 14.3% (2020-22) to 12% (2022-24), with 30 million fewer people living with hunger.
- The Public Distribution System (PDS) has been transformed through digitalization, Aadhaar-enabled targeting, and the One Nation One Ration Card platform, enhancing entitlements across the country.
Challenges in Nutrition
- Despite improvements, over 60% of India's population cannot afford a healthy diet due to high food prices and inefficient market linkages.
- Efforts are underway to enhance the quality of calories through schemes like PM POSHAN and Integrated Child Development Services.
Structural Challenges and Solutions
While hunger is reducing, malnutrition, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies are rising, especially in poor urban and rural populations. Addressing these requires:
- Boosting production of nutrient-rich foods such as pulses, fruits, and vegetables.
- Investing in post-harvest infrastructure to prevent food losses.
- Supporting women-led enterprises and local cooperatives.
- Utilizing digital platforms like AgriStack and e-NAM for improved market access and planning.
Conclusion
India's performance in reducing hunger is promising, but sustaining progress requires a focus on nutrition, resilience, and opportunity. With five years left to achieve SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), India's leadership is pivotal in the global effort to end hunger.
