Population Increase of Saltwater Crocodiles in Sundarbans
The population of saltwater crocodiles, one of the largest reptiles in the world, has witnessed a significant increase in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) as per the State's Forest Department's survey.
Key Findings from the Survey
- The current estimated population ranges between a maximum of 242 and a minimum of 220, with 213 direct sightings.
- There is a notable increase across all demographic classes, especially in the hatchling class.
- Compared to 2024, where 71 adults, 41 juveniles, and 2 hatchlings were spotted, there's a considerable increase.
Ecological Role and Distribution
- Saltwater crocodiles are hypercarnivorous apex predators and contribute to maintaining clean water ecosystems by feeding on carcasses.
- In India, they are found in Odisha, West Bengal, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Survey Methodology and Habitat Preferences
- The study covered 1168 kilometers of creeks at SBR, amounting to 64% of the total creek length of significance.
- Crocodiles show a preference for creeks and rivers with high tide widths below 180 meters.
- They tolerate a wide range of water salinity during winter, but increasing salinity could threaten their habitat.
Conservation Efforts
- The West Bengal government has been actively conserving saltwater crocodiles through initiatives like the Bhagabatpur Crocodile Project, started in 1976.
