Nuclear Power in India's Decarbonized Energy Mix
The correlation between human development and energy consumption is well-documented. As humans have evolved from primitive to technological stages, the energy requirements have expanded from basic needs for food to complex industrial, agricultural, and transportation demands. The current digital era further adds to these energy needs.
Human Development Index (HDI) and Energy
- HDI is a measure that combines per capita income, education, and health.
- India, as a G-20 member, aims to achieve an HDI of 0.9, requiring about 24,000 TWh of energy annually.
Energy Mix and Decarbonization
- Current energy generation in India is approximately 1,950 TWh, with a growth rate of 4.8%.
- A shift towards non-carbon-emitting energy sources like hydro, nuclear, solar, and wind power is essential.
- Nuclear energy is pivotal due to India's constraints in hydro and wind potential and land availability for solar.
Nuclear Energy's Role
- Nuclear plants provide baseload generation capacity, crucial for a reliable energy supply.
- Efforts to develop indigenous nuclear technology are ongoing, with advancements in Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs).
- India aims for 100 GW of nuclear capacity by mid-century.
Legislative Framework
The SHANTI Bill, 2025, integrates earlier legislation and emphasizes safety, security, and responsibility on the licensee. This bold legislative step is part of India's ambition to be a developed nation.
