Economic Growth and Reforms
By the end of 2025, India’s economy experienced significant growth, with its nominal GDP surpassing $4.1 trillion, overtaking Japan as the world's fourth-largest economy. This growth is attributed to steady governance and reforms aimed at clearing bottlenecks, collectively termed Reform Express 2025. India’s sovereign rating by Standard and Poor’s was upgraded to BBB, indicating macroeconomic stability.
Trade and Investment
- India's total exports reached $825.25 billion for 2024-25, marking an annual growth of over 6%.
- Introduction of digital tools such as the Trade Connect ePlatform and the Trade Intelligence and Analytics (TIA) portal to support trade.
- Significant trade agreements:
- India-United Kingdom Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (July 2025) for duty-free access and skilled mobility.
- Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement with Oman (December 2025) for a strategic economic corridor.
- Free trade agreement with New Zealand, expanding reach into high-value markets.
Startup Sector and Innovation
- The startup sector expanded to over 2 lakh government-recognized startups, creating more than 21 lakh jobs.
- The Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) processed over 326 million orders.
- The Government e-Marketplace (GeM) achieved a cumulative transaction value exceeding ₹16.41 lakh crore.
- India improved its Global Innovation Index ranking to 38th among 139 economies.
Business and Legal Reforms
- Simplified business operations by reducing over 47,000 compliances and decriminalizing 4,458 legal provisions.
- The National Single Window System processed more than 8.29 lakh approvals.
- Implementation of the District Business Reform Action Plan 2025 to enhance local administration responsiveness.
Labour and Securities Market Reforms
- Introduction of four labour codes consolidating 29 central laws for a modern labour regime.
- The Securities Markets Code Bill aimed at modernizing securities law and strengthening regulatory capacity.
Maritime and Logistics Reforms
- Reform of the maritime sector with new acts such as the Indian Ports Act, 2025 and Merchant Shipping Act, 2025.
- A ₹69,725 crore package approved for shipbuilding, including a Maritime Development Fund of ₹25,000 crore.
Energy Reforms
- Amendments in oil and gas regulations to reduce investor risk and ensure stability.
- Ongoing focus on exploration through the Open Acreage Licensing Policy and the National Deep Water Exploration Mission.
Nuclear Energy Initiatives
- Budget 2025 earmarked ₹20,000 crore for a Nuclear Energy Mission targeting 100 GW capacity by 2047.
- The SHANTI Bill aimed at modernizing India's nuclear framework and allowing regulated private participation.
The collective efforts demonstrate a strategy of modernizing legal frameworks, digitizing processes, and de-risking investments to foster economic growth. These reforms are seen as setting the stage for sustained double-digit growth, reinforcing India's economic stability and global competitiveness.
