Role of Technology in Disaster Management & Risk Reduction (DMRR)

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Recently, advancement in geospatial technology based on AI, Machine Learning(ML) and Internet of things (IoT) have been widely used in DMRR.

Use of Technologies in DMRR

Disaster prediction and early warning systems: Remote sensing, ML, GIS or drones can be used to collect and process data. AI is used for disaster modeling, usually through deep learning. E.g. Google Disaster Alerts
Event simulation: Objective is to prepare and train people. Key technologies for event simulation are Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). E.g. Mobile Learning Hub Philippines.
Disaster detection: Social media platforms as an important source of information and means of communication during disasters. E.g. Earthquake detection through X(Formerly twitter)
Search and rescue: Identify people in critical need through satellite imagery or social media posts. Use of drones for Delivery of Medical Supplies and Aid etc.
Emergency communication: AI powered chatbots can be powerful tools for managing and communicating with public during disasters. E.g Covid-19 chatbots launched by WHO

Digital Divide, Biased AI, High implementation costs, & Security breaches.

Forecasting of Natural Disasters by ISRO: E.g. Flood Early Warning System in Assam
INSAT-3D satellite: Will aid search and rescue needs
GEMINI device: Developed by INCOIS for disaster warnings to fishermen in ocean.
SATARK web based Platform: By Odisha State Disaster Mitigation Authority
Connecting Business initiative (CBi): Joint initiative of UNDP and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)