The U.S. has approved Holtec International, a U.S.-based company, to design & construct nuclear reactors in India under restrictive US regulation called ‘10CFR810’.
- It permits Holtec to transfer unclassified Small Modular Reactor (SMR) technology to 3 Indian private entities. The approval is valid for 10 years & will be reevaluated every 5 years.
- The use of technology and information is subject to ‘peaceful nuclear activities’ under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards & not for any military purpose.
Significance
- Advancement of India-US 123 Agreement (2008): 123 Agreement is about cooperation for peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
- Boosting Private Sector Participation: Encourages private entities to develop SMRs, expanding India’s nuclear capabilities.
- Enhancing India's Nuclear Expertise: Supports localization of SMR manufacturing and strengthens India's role in the global SMR market.
Challenges for Private Sector Participation in Nuclear Sector
- Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010: It has deterred foreign players from investing in the nuclear sector.
- Atomic Energy Act 1962: Restricts nuclear power generation to state-owned entities and does not allow private companies to operate nuclear power plants as independent operators.
Small Modular Reactor (SMR)
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