India’s role amid declining credibility and perceived bias of Western-led Global Institutions | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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In Summary

Global institutions erode credibility due to bias and dysfunction, impacting stability and trade. India’s rising economic and strategic stature offers an alternative, advocating neutrality and South-focused leadership.

In Summary

Of late, major global bodies in the economic, cultural, and political spheres, once seen as impartial, are increasingly aligning with a specific, interventionist strand of the US foreign policy, eroding their credibility and creating a "legitimacy gap" on the world stage.

Erosion of Western Institutional legitimacy

  • Institutional biases and double standards: Swift and severe actions taken against Russia following its 2022 invasion of Ukraine with the continued normal engagement with Israel despite the civilian death toll in Gaza.
    • E.g., Exclusion of Russia and Belarus from Paris Olympics 2024, disconnection of Russian financial institutions from SWIFT, etc.
  • Dysfunctional institutions: e.g., WTO Appellate Body remains dysfunctional since 2019 as the US has blocked appointment of new members leaving the body without quorum.
  • Non-representative institutions: UN Security Council with its P5 members does not represent the contemporary geopolitics and the shifting Balance of Power.

Potential Strategic Implications

  • Increased Global Instability: Politicized actions by global bodies can exacerbate geopolitical tensions.
  • Reduced International Trade: The use of financial networks like SWIFT as a foreign policy tool disrupts global commerce.
  • Spurring Energy Prices: Instability and sanctions regimes can lead to volatility in global energy markets.

Opportunities for India

  • Economic Influence: Recently, India has surpassed Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy
  • Strategic Non-Alignment: Enhances credibility as an impartial leader. E.g., meteoric rise of Indian media as a trusted source for reporting on the Ukraine conflict.
  • Cultural capital: India's contribution to humanity’s cultural and civilizational story gives it a relatively unique global standing e.g., civilizational ethos of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, or "One Earth, One Family,
  • Focus on Global South: e.g., India’ hosting of Voice of Global South summit, Induction of African Union into G20 during India’s presidency, etc.
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