SC struck down some provisions of the Tribunals Reforms Act, 2021, because they were reproduced from the Tribunals Reforms Ordinance 2021 which was declared unconstitutional (Madras Bar Association case).

• The provisions are mainly related to the appointment, tenure, and service conditions of members of various tribunals. 
• These principles violated the principles of separation of powers and judicial independence.
  • The SC emphasized that since the executive is often a litigating party before tribunals, it cannot be allowed to play a dominant role in appointing their members.

Key highlights of the Judgement 

• Key Provisions which have been struck down  
  • Minimum Age of 50: Invalidated as arbitrary and violates Article 14 for excluding younger qualified professionals.
  • Four-Year Tenure of chairpersons and members: Reinstated the 5-year tenure rule to ensure security of service. 
• Reiterated its earlier direction to the Centre to set up a National Tribunals Commission (within four months)
  • The Commission was supposed to act as an independent body to supervise the appointments and functioning of Tribunals. 
  • Also, it will take care of the administrative and infrastructural needs of the Tribunals