SC refused to recall its November 2025 directions on complete removal of stray dogs from public places (such as schools, hospitals, railway stations, and airports).

• The Court clarified that dogs occupying these institutional premises cannot be categorized as "street dogs" or "community dogs" under the Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules, 2023, and therefore do not have an absolute right to occupy them.
• SC also observed that Article 21 of the Constitution encompasses the right to access public places without the constant fear of physical attacks or dog bites.

Major Directions Issued by the Court

• Euthanasia Permitted: Authorities can legally euthanize rabid or dangerously aggressive dogs to protect human lives.
• Official Protection: Local body officials performing duties are shielded from FIRs/criminal complaints.
• Highway Safety: NHAI directed to clear highways of stray cattle menace.
• Enforce AWBI Rules: States/UTs must strictly enforce the Animal Welfare Board of India Rules.
• ABC Centres: At least one Animal Birth Control (ABC) centre must be established in each district.
• Anti-Rabies Supply: Adequate anti-rabies vaccines and immunoglobulins must be ensured.
• Judicial Oversight: High Courts will monitor compliance through suo motu cases.