India's Advanced Jet-Engine Programme

Collaborations and Strategic Decisions

India is negotiating with four countries—United States, France, Russia, and the United Kingdom—to initiate an advanced jet-engine programme domestically by the end of the year.

• India's defence collaborations with these countries are pivotal.
• The financial investment is estimated to be between ₹40,000 crores and ₹50,000 crores over the next decade or more.

Development Timeline and Technological Aspects

The project aims to develop a new thrust-to-weight class engine for fighter jets and is expected to take 10-15 years to develop.

• Engines with high thrust-to-weight ratios enhance combat performance.
• Current fighter jets, particularly stealth models, use turbofan engines that balance high thrust with low radar visibility and infrared signature.

Geopolitical Considerations

India is considering the geopolitical implications and technology transfer willingness from partner countries.

• The decision on partnerships requires careful evaluation of geopolitical factors.
• India's traditional reliance on Russian defence goods is shifting with increasing shares from the US and France.

Current State and Future Plans

India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has revived an old project for fourth-generation fighter engines, and future plans include integrating advanced engines into Indian defence systems.

• India lacks a comprehensive base for engine manufacturing, relying on imports and the DRDO project.
• Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) faces production delays due to engine supply chain issues.

International Engine Manufacturers

Various global companies are involved in the production of advanced engines for fighter jets.

• General Electric supplies the GE F404 engines to HAL for Tejas Mk1A jets.
• Pratt & Whitney and Rolls-Royce manufacture engines for the USAF and British Harrier jets, respectively.
• Russia collaborates with HAL on MiG-29 jet engines.

Future Projections

India is planning a programme for stealth, fifth-generation fighters with mass production targeted for 2035-36.

• This move involves significant financial and technological investment.
• The decision on the advanced jet-engine programme is expected within six months.

Fortifying the Future

Key aspects of India's ambitious defence project:

• Projected investment: ₹40,000-₹50,000 crore.
• Development timeline: 10-15 years.
• Potential deal finalization: within six months.