Import of Genetically Modified Alfalfa Hay

The Environment Ministry's apex regulatory panel on Genetically Modified crops approved the import of Alfalfa hay from the US in July 2024. The import is intended for use in animal feed and awaits a final decision from the Agriculture Ministry. This issue has been a significant point of discussion in Indo-US trade talks.

• The US and India initially agreed to open up alfalfa hay imports in 2021-22.
• Risk assessments were conducted by the ministries of Health, Agriculture, Environment, and Food Safety, along with the Standards Authority of India.
• The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) cleared the imports, citing that the US alfalfa hay presents negligible environmental risks because it contains no living modified organisms.
• Despite GEAC clearance, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) raised concerns in October 2022, stalling further progress.
• The US Trade Representative (USTR) continues to raise this issue, with India indicating intentions to resolve the import approval issue.
• The US Department of Agriculture expects a resolution soon, as the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare reviews the recommendations.

Food Safety Norms on Ready-to-Drink Low Alcohol Beverages

India is preparing to "rationalise" and relax food safety norms for ready-to-drink (RTD) low alcohol beverages, addressing concerns raised by the USTR.

• Current regulations allow only 0.5-8% alcohol content in this category.
• Discussions are underway to permit beverages with 10%-15% alcohol content.
• The USTR report cited a lack of clarity on definitions related to various alcoholic drinks and packaging standards.
• Discussions are also occurring on the FSSAI’s Food Safety Standards (Alcoholic Beverages Amendment) Regulations of 2023.

Protection of US Whiskey Products

The USTR highlighted the need for explicit protection of specific US whiskey products like Bourbon, Rye, and Tennessee Whiskey.

• Issues include the non-acceptance of US certificates of analysis and unclear standards for ethyl alcohol.
• FSSAI permits the import of these whiskeys, which are already protected under Geographical Indication regimes.
• Further clarifications have been sought to address these issues effectively.