France's Assisted Dying Bill

France’s lower house of parliament has adopted a bill that would allow adults with incurable illnesses to take lethal medication. This legislative move reflects growing public demand across Europe for legal end-of-life options.

Key Details of the Bill

• The bill defines assisted dying as the use of lethal medication under specific conditions, allowing individuals to take it themselves.
• Only those physically unable to administer the medication themselves would receive assistance from a doctor or nurse.
• The bill was passed with 305 votes in favor and 199 against, and it will proceed to the Senate for further consideration.
• To be eligible, patients must be over 18, be French citizens or residents, and have a grave, incurable illness at an advanced or terminal stage.
• Severe psychiatric conditions and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease are excluded.
• The request for lethal medication must be initiated and confirmed by the patient after a reflection period.
• A doctor would prescribe the medication, to be taken at home, a nursing home, or a healthcare facility.

Public and Political Response

• A 2023 report shows that most French citizens support legalizing end-of-life options, with growing support over the past two decades.
• The legislative process is criticized for being lengthy and complex, potentially penalizing patients awaiting options.
• President Emmanuel Macron suggested a possible voter referendum if parliament discussions are derailed.

International Context and Religious Opposition

Many French citizens travel to countries like Switzerland and Belgium where assisted suicide or euthanasia is legal. French religious leaders have opposed the bill, warning of an "anthropological rupture" and potential pressure on vulnerable populations.

Global Perspective

• Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland and several U.S. states.
• Euthanasia is permitted under certain conditions in the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Canada, Australia, Colombia, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
• The UK is currently debating legislation for terminally ill adults in England and Wales.