Innovative Plastic Material to Combat Ocean Pollution

Plastic pollution is a critical environmental issue, significantly impacting oceans worldwide. Microplastics have infiltrated the food chain and even human physiology, with traces found in placentas and the deepest ocean trenches. However, recent advancements by Japanese scientists present a potential solution.

Development of a New Plastic Material

• Research Origin: Created by scientists at RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science and the University of Tokyo. 
• Properties:
  • Strength comparable to petroleum-based plastics.
  • Decomposes into original components upon exposure to salt.
• Environmental Impact:
  • No residual microplastics or nanoplastics.
  • Material is processed by bacteria in water.

Demonstration and Features

• Demonstration:
  • Conducted in Wako City, Tokyo.
  • Material dissolved in salty water within an hour.
• Decomposition in Soil: Takes roughly 200 hours underground due to soil salt content. 
• Additional Features:
  • Non-toxic for humans.
  • Fire-resistant and does not emit Carbon Dioxide.

Future Prospects and Challenges

• Commercial Viability:
  • Currently not ready for commercial use.
  • Development of a suitable coating method underway.
• Interest from Industry: Significant attention from packaging sector stakeholders. 

Global Context and Statistics

• UN Environment Programme Projection: Plastic pollution may triple by 2040, contributing 23 to 37 million metric tons annually to the ocean. 
• India's Contribution:
  • Accounts for one-fifth of global plastic pollution.
  • Burns about 5.8 million tonnes of plastic annually.
  • Releases 2.5 million tonnes into land, air, and water, marking it as the highest plastic polluter worldwide.