R D Karve: The Champion of Individual Liberty
Authored by Anant Deshmukh and translated by Nadeem Khan, this meticulously researched biography sheds light on Raghunath Dhondo Karve, a pioneering figure in Maharashtra who advocated for sex education, sexual autonomy, birth control, and individual rights.
Background and Early Influences
- R D Karve was born to Dhondo Keshav Karve, a social reformer known for advocating women’s rights and widow remarriage.
- His interest in the science of lovemaking began in 1911 during his time at Fergusson College, influenced by the societal issues of venereal diseases and illicit relationships.
Revolutionary Works and Ideas
- In 1921, Karve published Santaji Nigamananda, a book on birth control, predating European discussions on the topic.
- He argued for sex education at the school level to curb sexually transmitted diseases.
- In 1926, Karve underwent a vasectomy and launched Samaaj Swaasthya, a magazine promoting birth control and sexology.
- Faced resistance due to its radical ideas and explicit content, the magazine survived for over 26 years.
Societal Resistance and Legal Challenges
- Karve's ideas led to civil and criminal cases; he was convicted twice, but defended by Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar in one instance.
- He faced societal backlash, losing his teaching position and struggling to gain employment.
Legacy and Recognition
- Karve's work began gaining recognition posthumously, between 1970 and 1990.
- Despite societal challenges, he remained committed to advocating birth control, stating he'd continue his efforts if reborn.
- His critique of Mahatma Gandhi and beliefs in gender equality were advanced for his time.
R D Karve's contributions, though controversial, significantly impacted discussions on individual liberty and social reform in India.
