National Mission for a Green India
The mission relies on data from the Forest Survey of India (FSI) and its execution by the Forest Department (FD). However, the provided data is often outdated and lacking in precision. A shift towards a science-based, nature-focused, and community-oriented approach is necessary for effective greening efforts, especially in the Western Ghats.
Issues with Forest Data and Management
- Historical Context: In 1975, M Y Ghorpade, then Karnataka’s finance minister, addressed concerns about excessive bamboo cutting impacting local livelihoods.
- Investigation Findings: Studies revealed that official data on bamboo resources was significantly overestimated, justifying unnecessary industrial expansion.
Remote Sensing and Forest Cover
- NRSC and Satellite Data: The establishment of the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) demonstrated a significant discrepancy in official forest cover claims versus satellite imagery, revealing true forest cover to be much lower than reported.
Environmental Impact and Industrial Practices
- Grasim Rayon Factory Case: The factory in Kerala released toxic effluents into the Chaliyar river due to profitability concerns, causing severe ecological damage and health issues.
- Mismanagement and exploitation of resources led to the destruction of vast bamboo forests, followed by the introduction of non-native eucalyptus plantations.
Community-Based Conservation Success
Pachgaon in Maharashtra serves as an example of successful community forest management, achieving both ecological and economic benefits through the exercise of Community Forest Rights.
Recommendations for the Western Ghats
- Implementing the Forest Rights Act with a focus on assigning Community Forest Rights to indigenous populations is crucial.
- Promoting democratic decentralization and community involvement in decision-making processes is essential for sustainable development.
The Western Ghats region requires an honest commitment to these principles for effective conservation and community empowerment.
