Climate Targets and Commitments for 2035
With the forthcoming climate talks in Belém, only a limited number of countries have submitted their climate targets for 2035. This summary highlights the current status and implications of these submissions.
Current Submissions and Emissions Overview
- Only 64 out of 193 countries have submitted their targets for 2035.
- These countries account for just 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions.
- Key emitters such as China, the European Union, and India have yet to submit their targets or nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for 2035.
Significance of 2025 in the Paris Agreement
- The year 2025 is pivotal in the Paris Agreement's cycle of increasing ambition to reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
- Late September was the deadline for submission of the 2035 NDCs to allow the UN to project emission reductions and potential temperature increases.
UN Projections and Trends
Despite the slow pace of submissions, the trend remains positive, with increased efforts to reduce emissions globally.
- The UNFCCC has been unable to provide projections on the collective impact due to incomplete submissions.
- Together with announcements from the Climate Leaders’ Summit, the 64 NDCs indicate an increasing commitment to emission reductions.
Expected Outcomes and Challenges
According to UN climate chief Simon Stiell:
- Global emissions are expected to decrease by around 10% by 2035 compared to 2019.
- To limit temperature increase to 1.5°C, emissions need to decrease by 60%.
Multilateralism and Future Steps
Stiell emphasized the role of multilateralism in climate action:
- He noted that international cooperation is starting to lower emissions, though not quickly enough.
- Urged for increased efforts and resource provision, particularly for developing countries.
Analysis of Current NDCs
- The synthesis report analyzed NDCs from 64 countries.
- These commitments will collectively result in a 17% reduction in their emissions by 2035.
