India's Naval Advancements and Strategic Developments

Nuclear Submarine Induction

India is set to commission its third nuclear submarine, INS Aridhaman, which is in the final stages of trials. This move will expand India’s operational fleet of Arihant-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) to three, enhancing its sea-based nuclear deterrent.

• INS Arighaat was commissioned in August 2024.
• INS Aridhaman is expected to be commissioned around 2026-27, equipped to carry K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missiles.

Nuclear-Powered Attack Submarine (SSN) Programme

India is pursuing a nuclear-powered attack submarine programme to bridge capability gaps until its own submarines are ready.

• Plans to build two SSNs indigenously.
• Acquisition of one SSN on lease from Russia, likely delivered by 2027-28.

Aircraft Carrier Strategy

The Navy advocates for a third aircraft carrier to maintain a robust carrier battle group strategy, despite operational challenges.

• Current carriers: INS Vikramaditya (2013) and INS Vikrant (2022).
• Goal: Three-carrier force for eastern, western seaboards, and exigencies.

Geopolitical and Strategic Shifts

The Navy is focusing on national maritime interests rather than country-specific threats, with a primary focus on the Indian Ocean Region and interests extending across the Indo-Pacific.

• Routine transits and engagements in regions like the South China Sea.

Operational Achievements

During Operation Sindoor, the aggressive deployment of the carrier battle group in the Arabian Sea strategically impacted Pakistan’s naval movements.

Inclusion of Women Submariners

The Navy is progressing towards the induction of women in the submarine arm, embracing a gender-neutral force.