Introduction
The address discusses the significant shift in the global order, highlighting the transition from a rules-based international order to a reality where great powers operate without constraints. It emphasizes the potential of middle powers, like Canada, to influence and build a new order based on values such as human rights, sustainable development, and sovereignty.
Challenges in the Current World Order
The narrative acknowledges a reality where great power rivalry is prevalent, and the existing order is fading. It critiques the tendency of nations to comply with the dominant powers, referencing Václav Havel's concept of "living within a lie."
The End of the Rules-Based Order
- The international rules-based order, beneficial in the past, is now inadequate.
- Great powers exploit economic integration as a weapon, using tariffs, financial coercion, and supply chains for leverage.
- Multilateral institutions like the WTO and UN are weakened, necessitating strategic autonomy.
The Consequences of Strategic Autonomy
- Countries are seeking autonomy in energy, food, critical minerals, finance, and supply chains.
- Increased strategic autonomy leads to a world that's poorer, more fragile, and less sustainable.
- There's a call for middle powers to adapt without resorting to isolationism.
Canada's Response
Canada is shifting its strategic approach, embracing "values-based realism" to navigate the new global order. This involves principled commitments alongside pragmatic engagement.
Key Strategies
- Domestically, Canada is enhancing its strength through tax cuts, investment in energy, AI, and critical minerals, and increased defense spending.
- Internationally, Canada is diversifying its engagements, forming strategic partnerships with the EU and other global players.
- Canada is participating in variable geometry coalitions, focusing on areas like Ukraine, Arctic sovereignty, and plurilateral trade.
Middle Powers' Role
The address highlights the importance of middle powers acting collectively to create a third path in global politics, emphasizing legitimacy, integrity, and rules-based approaches.
Living in Truth
- Middle powers should acknowledge the reality of great power rivalry and act consistently across allies and rivals.
- There's a call for building new institutions and agreements that reflect current realities.
- Reducing vulnerability through a strong domestic economy is essential for principled foreign policy.
Conclusion
Canada recognizes the need for honesty and proactive measures to build a better global order. The task for middle powers is to engage genuinely and cooperate to create a just world, moving beyond the past's nostalgic order.
The Prime Minister of Canada concludes by reaffirming Canada's commitment to this path and inviting other nations to join in building a collaborative future.