A terror attack occurred in the scenic ‘Baisaran meadows’ of Pahalgam often referred to as ‘mini-Switzerland’, resulting in loss of civilian lives.

• The Resistance Front (TRF) a proxy outfit of Lashkar-e-Taiba, a proscribed terrorist organisation listed under the UAPA has claimed responsibility for the attack. 

Reasons for Persistence of Terrorism in J&K

• State-sponsored Terrorism: Pakistan has been accused of supporting terror organizations operating in J&K with providing a safe haven, logistical support, training etc.
• Porous Borders: Difficult terrain along Line of Control makes it difficult to trace & prevent infiltration of militants & weapons.
• Religious and Ethnic Tensions: The communal mix of Muslims, Hindus, & various tribal groups are exploited by terror groups to create communal unrest.
• Over Ground Workers (OGWs): Aid in sustaining militancy through fund management, recruitment, propaganda, etc.
  • OGWs are individuals/groups that provide non-combat assistance like logistical support, intelligence to militant groups without directly participating in armed activities.

Way Forward

• Strengthening Border Security: Strategic deployment of forces, strengthening border infrastructure, using technology etc. (Madhukar Gupta Committee Recommendations)
• Strengthening Political institutions: Empowering local governance and representatives.
• Community involvement: Confidence Building Measures like civilian-military cooperation (e.g. Village Defence Guards); counter-radicalization & rehabilitation.