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100 Years of the Self-Respect Movement | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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100 Years of the Self-Respect Movement

Posted 06 Sep 2025

1 min read

Article Summary

Article Summary

The movement, founded in 1925 by Periyar in Tamil Nadu, aimed to eradicate caste, promote rationalism, gender equality, and social justice, shaping Dravidian politics and social reforms.

It was founded in 1925 in Tamil Nadu by E.V. Ramasamy, who was commonly known as Periyar.

  • Periyar was influenced by earlier reformers like Jyotirao Phule and B.R. Ambedkar.
  • Periyar published Kudi Arasu, a Tamil Weekly and also took part in the Vaikom satyagraha. 

About the Self-Respect Movement

  • Objective: To eradicate the caste system, encourage rational thinking, and oppose the dominance of Brahminical traditions.
    • Objectives were outlined in two pamphlets: Namathu Kurikkol and Tiravitak Kalaka Lateiyam.
    • It emphasized rationalism, equality, and individual dignity over ritualism and social hierarchy.
  • Women’s leadership: Two prominent female leaders of the movement were Annai Meenambal and Veeramal.
  • Features of the Movement
    • Self-Respect marriages: The movement introduced Hindu weddings without priests, making them legally recognized.
    • Social Upliftment: The movement opposed the Devadasi system, caste discrimination, and restrictions on widow remarriage, promoting social equality.
    • Self-Respect Conference: In 1929, Periyar held the first provincial conference at Chengalpattu, led by W.P.A. Soundara Pandian.
  • Significance: Instilled dignity and political awareness among non-Brahmins and laid the foundation for Dravidian politics and welfare governance in Tamil Nadu.
  • Tags :
  • Self-Respect Movement
  • E.V. Ramasamy
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