Union Cabinet Approves Scheme to Manufacture Rare Earth Magnets in India | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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In Summary

The Indian government approved a scheme to boost domestically manufacturing rare earth magnets, reducing import dependence, with a ₹7,280 crore plan supporting integrated production for green and tech sectors. 

In Summary

The Union Cabinet has approved the “Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Sintered Rare Earth Permanent Magnets (REPMs)” to secure India’s long-term supply of rare earth magnets and reduce dependence on imports.

  • Sintering is a process where magnet materials are heated to high temperatures without melting. It strengthens the magnets, enhances magnetic performance, and makes them more resistant to corrosion.

Key Features of Scheme: 

  • Financial Outlay: ₹7,280 crore.
    • Incentive Structure:-
      • ₹6,450 crore as sales-linked incentives over five years.
      • ₹750 crore as capital subsidy for facility setup.
  • Objective: Establish 6,000 Metric Tons per Annum (MTPA) of integrated REPMs manufacturing in India.
  • Beneficiaries Allocation: 
    • The 6,000 MTPA capacity will be allocated to five beneficiaries through global competitive bidding.
    • Each beneficiary may receive up to 1,200 MTPA capacity.
  • End-to-End Manufacturing Integration:  It supports the creation of facilities that cover the complete processing facilities:-
    • Rare earth oxides → metals→ alloys→ finished rare earth permanent magnets
  • Total Duration of the Scheme: 7 years
    • 2 years: facility setup (gestation period)
    • 5 years: incentive disbursement on sales

Rare Earth Permanent Magnets:

  • They are a type of permanent magnet made from alloys of rare earth elements.
    • Rare Earth Elements are a group of seventeen elements, including the fifteen lanthanides on the periodic table, along with scandium and yttrium.
  • Properties: exceptional magnetic strength, high energy density, and superior performance compared to other types of magnets.
  • Applications: electric vehicles, renewable energy, electronics, aerospace, and defence sectors
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