The pipeline provides early visibility of potential PPP projects to enable investors, developers, and other stakeholders to undertake more informed planning and investment decisions.

• The pipeline comprises 852 projects worth over ₹17 lakh crore to accelerate infrastructure development across sectors.

About the Public Private Partnership (PPP)

• PPP is a long-term contractual arrangement between a government or public authority and a private sector entity for the provision of public infrastructure or services.
• Key PPP Models
  • Build Operate Transfer (BOT): Private entity finances, designs, build, and operate a facility for a set period (earning via user fees) before transferring ownership to the public sector.
  • Design Build Finance Operate (DBFO): Private party handles the entire lifecycle from design to operation. The government retains ownership throughout, paying the private party via service fees or collected user tolls.
  • Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC): The government funds the project and retains management. The private entity is strictly a contractor responsible for design and construction.
  • Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM): A mix of EPC and BOT. The government pays 40% of the cost in milestone-linked installments; the developer raises the remaining 60% and recovers it through annuities.

Need for PPP

• Bridging the Infrastructure Financing Gap:  India will require an estimated $4.5 trillion in infrastructure investment by 2030.
• Reducing Fiscal Burden on Government: Frees up public tax revenue for social welfare (healthcare and education) by shifting the burden of physical asset creation to the private sector
• Access to Advanced Technology and Innovation: Integrates cutting-edge private-sector expertise and global best practices.
• Other: Improving Efficiency and Timely Project Delivery, etc.