Standing Committee on Finance recommends ways to improve functioning of RRBs | Current Affairs | Vision IAS

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In Summary

  • Committee recommends leveraging Credit Guarantee Fund Scheme for Education Loans to mitigate high GNPA in education loans.
  • Suggests deploying AI-driven Early Warning Signals for asset quality monitoring and encouraging IPOs for profitable RRBs.
  • RRBs, established in 1975, are regulated by RBI and NABARD, with a 75% Priority Sector Lending target.

In Summary

The committee highlighted the successful completion of the structural consolidation of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) and recommended measures to further improve their functioning.

  • RRBs have been consolidated from 43 to 28, creating highly viable entities across 11 States.
    • They have been consolidated in a phased manner based on the recommendations of the Dr. Vyas Committee.
  • Consolidation is derived from the vision of One State-One RRB

Key Recommendations

  • Mitigate Sectoral Risks in Education Loans: RRBs should actively mitigate these risks by fully leveraging their inclusion in the Credit Guarantee Fund Scheme for Education Loans (CGFSEL).
    • It will address vulnerabilities such as the high Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA) of 13.8% in priority sector education loans.
    • Under the CGFSEL, Central Government gives a guarantee for the education loans availed by students without any collateral security and third-party guarantee for a maximum loan limit of Rs. 7.5 Lakh. 
  • Deploy AI-Driven Technologies: Deploy AI-driven automated Early Warning Signals (EWS) to monitor asset quality and manage credit risk effectively.
  • Pursue Initial Public Offerings (IPOs): The government shall guide highly profitable RRBs toward IPOs to attract market capital and enforce higher standards of corporate governance.

About Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)

  • Genesis: Established in 1975 on the recommendations of the Narsimhan Working Group (1975) under Regional Rural Banks Act, 1976.
  • Objectives: To develop the rural economy by providing credit and other facilities, particularly to small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, small entrepreneurs, etc.
  • Shareholding: Government of India (50%), State Government (15%), and Sponsor Bank (35%)
  • Regulation: They are Scheduled Commercial Banks (Government Banks) regulated by RBI and supervised by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
  • RRBs are required to meet a strict Priority Sector Lending (PSL) target of 75 %  of their outstanding advances.
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RELATED TERMS

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NABARD

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. It is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament for the purpose of financing agricultural and rural development in India.

Priority Sector Lending (PSL)

A category of lending that banks are mandated to provide to certain sectors considered crucial for the country's development, such as agriculture, micro and small enterprises, and renewable energy. Renewable energy being classified under PSL facilitates easier access to credit for RE projects.

Narsimhan Working Group (1975)

This committee's recommendations led to the establishment of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) in India. It focused on reforming the banking sector.

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