Challenges of Urban Planning in Indian Cities
As urban planners globally advocate for concepts like the 15-minute city, Indian metropolises are becoming "two-hour cities," where commuting is a significant challenge. This highlights a paradox where cities are advancing in green certification yet remain inefficient in daily urban experiences.
Green Building Initiatives and Their Limitations
Despite advancements, such as Uttar Pradesh's approval of over 1,400 green building projects and numerous green-certified structures in Delhi, the question remains: What is the benefit if commuting remains inefficient and polluting?
- The International Energy Agency (IEA) states buildings account for 30% of global energy consumption and 26% of emissions.
- India’s Position: Ranked third on the USGBC’s list for Leed-certified buildings.
- In 2024, 370 Leed projects in India covered 8.5 million square meters.
- IGBC Initiative: Partnered with Credai to promote 4,000 green housing projects by 2030.
Broader Sustainability in Urban Planning
True sustainability extends beyond building efficiency to urban functionality — focusing on walkability, public transport, and zoning.
- Example Cities: Copenhagen’s cycling commutes and Singapore’s integrated public transport as models.
Issues with Current Urban Design
- Indian cities suffer from fragmented zoning; contrast with historical cities designed around central hubs.
- Challenges: Dominance of roads, poor sidewalks, lack of cycle lanes.
The Path Forward
Rethinking urban spaces involves enhancing walkability, public transport, and integrating green spaces crucial for sustainability. Transforming cities requires making them more inclusive, healthier, and resilient.