Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme
The Union Cabinet has approved a ₹1-lakh crore RDI scheme aimed at encouraging the private sector to invest in basic research.
Key Features of the RDI Scheme
- Special Purpose Fund:
- Established within the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF).
- Acts as the custodian of funds, providing low-interest loans.
- ANRF as an Independent Body:
- Overseen by the Science Ministry.
- Facilitates fund allocation for basic research.
- Incentivizes private sector participation in core research.
- Funding Mechanism:
- ANRF acts as a single-window clearance mechanism for universities and academic institutions.
- Expected to receive about 70% of its budget from private sources.
Challenges and Concerns
- Conservatism in Funding:
- Only projects at Technology Readiness Level-4 (TRL-4) are eligible for funds.
- TRL-4 is an arbitrary benchmark, potentially limiting support for early-stage innovations.
- Comparisons with Advanced Countries:
- Advanced nations often leverage military-industrial complexes to develop high-risk technologies.
- Examples include the development of the Internet and Global Positioning System.
- Brain Drain and Manufacturing Challenges:
- India faces a loss of scientists to the West due to limited local opportunities.
- Lacks a skilled manufacturing sector to produce scientific innovations.
In essence, the government aims to reduce its share in R&D spending from the current 70% by involving the private sector, but historical challenges such as funding conservatism and manufacturing limitations persist.
