International Labour Organization (ILO) releases the report “Profits and Poverty: The Economics of forced labour” | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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  • As per ILO’s Forced Labour Convention, 1930, forced labour defined as “All work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily”.

 

  • Key highlights
    • 27.6 million people engaged in forced labour in 2021.
    • Total amount of illegal profits from forced labour has risen by 37% since 2014.           
    • In India brick kilns industry, carpet weaving industry are sectors having bonded labour.

 

  • Factors behind forced labour 

Supply Side

Demand Side

  • Due to poverty.
  • Identity and Discrimination due to race or gender, etc.
  • Limited Labour Protections such as unorganized workers
  • Outsourcing- which fragments responsibility for labour standards and makes oversight and accountability very difficult.
  • Corporate dominance reduces worker wages by concentrating power and value

 

  • Initiatives to stop forced labour 
    • ILO Protocol of 2014 to Forced Labour Convention, 1930 and Forced Labour (Supplementary Measures) Recommendation, 2014.
    • India:
      • Article 23: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
      • Article 24: Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
      • Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976, etc.
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