Supreme Court emphasized the need for effective mechanism to regulate user-generated content, ensuring accountability for content uploaded online. 

Concerns raised by the Supreme Court

• Virality and Velocity of Online Content: Harmful posts can go viral within seconds, rendering reactive takedown mechanisms ineffective before reputational or security damage occurs.
• Adult Content: One-line “adult content” warnings are insufficient and fail to prevent minors from accessing explicit material.
• Unregulated Nature of User-Generated Channels: Individuals can run online channels without regulatory oversight, enabling unverified or provocative content to spread unchecked
• Misinformation: While dissent is democratic, digital platforms become problematic when misinformation is used to incite hatred, distort facts, or trigger social unrest.

Proposal and Directions by Supreme Court

• Drafting of New Guidelines: Directed the Centre to frame fresh rules for all digital content – UGC (User Generated Content), OTT, news, and curated content —after public consultation.
• Autonomous Regulator: Court suggested establishing a neutral, independent authority to regulate online content, replacing or supplementing existing self-regulation models.
• Expert Committee: Constitute an expert committee with domain experts and persons with judicial background to study the issue.
• Age Verification System: Aadhaar or PAN-based checks were proposed to verify user age before accessing adult or explicit content, moving beyond mere disclaimers.