Transforming Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) into Multipurpose Rural Growth Engines | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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In Summary

  • Government plans to establish new multipurpose PACS/dairy/fisheries cooperatives covering all panchayats and villages in 5 years.
  • PACS, grass-root cooperative credit institutions, are regulated by CRCS (Multi-State) or State RCS (Single State).
  • Initiatives include PACS computerization, National Cooperation Policy 2025, model bye-laws, and inclusive governance amendments.

In Summary

The Government aims to establish new multipurpose PACS/dairy/fisheries cooperatives to cover all panchayats and villages over the next 5 years.

About PACS

  • PACS are the grass-root level institutions of the short-term co-operative credit structure and it acts as a last-mile link between borrowers and higher financing institutions such as Scheduled Commercial Banks and RBI/NABARD.
  • Status: PACS sanctioned: 79,630, New PACS registered: 32,802, PACS digitised: 61,478
  • Regulation:
    • Multi State PACS: Entry 44 of Union List of the Constitution and are centrally administered by Central Registrar of Cooperative Societies (CRCS) under provisions of Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002.
    • Single State PACS: Entry 32 of State List of the Constitution and are administered by the concerned State Registrar of Cooperative Societies (RCS) under respective State Cooperative Societies Act.

Potential & Significance of PACS

  • Agriculture: Enhanced infrastructure and post-harvest support through the World’s Largest Decentralized Grain Storage Plan (which establishes godowns and custom hiring centres).
  • Dairy Sector: Enhance milk procurement by 50%  over 5 years through registration of >21,000 new Dairy Cooperative Societies.
  • Fisheries sector: Improve market linkages and value addition through converting 1,000 fisheries cooperative societies into Fish Farmer Producer Organisations (FFPOs).

Initiatives taken for PACS Promotion

  • PACS Computerization Project: Computerization of PACS under a common ERP-based national software.
  • National Cooperation Policy (NCP) 2025: Membership expansion and leadership roles for women and weaker sections.
  • Adoption of Model Bye-laws: Enabling PACS to function as multipurpose service centres (PM Kisan Samriddhi Kendras, Common Service Centres, warehousing, custom hiring centres, primary processing).
  • Inclusive Governance:
    • Mandatory representation of women and SC/ST members in cooperative boards under Multi-State Cooperative Societies (Amendment) Act, 2023.
    • Inclusion of SHGs, small & marginal farmers and tribal communities.
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RELATED TERMS

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Multi-State Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Act, 2023

An amendment to the existing act that mandates representation of women and SC/ST members in cooperative boards, promoting inclusive governance and equitable participation within the cooperative sector.

PM Kisan Samriddhi Kendras

Centers established to provide agricultural inputs and services to farmers. Enabling PACS to function as these kendras enhances their role as multipurpose service centres.

National Cooperation Policy (NCP) 2025

A policy framework outlining the government's vision and strategies for the cooperative sector, focusing on aspects like membership expansion and promoting leadership roles for women and weaker sections.

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