Delhi High court in ‘Laksh Vir Singh Yadav V. Union Of India & Ors’ recognized an individual's ‘Right To Be Forgotten’ as an integral facet of the fundamental right to privacy under Article 21. 

• Right to be forgotten: Right to seek removal or restricted access to personal information from public accessibility that no longer serves legitimate purpose.

Key Highlights of Judgement 

• Sets out detailed principles for when names can be de-indexed or masked in court records.
  • De-indexing (to be operated globally): Removes a person's name as a searchable key without deleting the record, limiting access through name-based searches.
    • Application: Cases ending in acquittal, discharge, etc.
    • Exceptions: It can’t be applied in cases against women, children or breach of public trust.
  • Masking: Replaces names and personal identifiers in judicial records with neutral labels (e.g. XYZ). 

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Myanmar reviewed bilateral, regional and global issues of mutual interest including AI and Space.

• Both nations also welcomed the steady growth of the Rupee-Kyat settlement mechanism (operationalized in 2024) to facilitate easier bilateral trade.

Significance of India-Myanmar Relations:

• Geo-strategic:  Myanmar lies at the confluence of India’s Neighbourhood First, Act East and MAHASAGAR policies.
• Connectivity: India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway and the Kaladan Multi-Modal Project to boost regional economic integration.
• Security: to manage ethnic cross-border insurgencies (along 1,643 km long border), check arms and narcotics smuggling (Golden Triangle) into northeastern states.
• Cultural Soft Power: Deep-rooted historical ties built around shared Theravada Buddhist heritage.

India–Oman CEPA recently entered into force. 

About India- Oman CEPA

• Oman’s offer: 99.38% of India’s exports (by value) will receive immediate zero-duty access to Oman.
  • 100% FDI for Indian companies in major services sector in Oman.
• India's offer: Tariff liberalisation on 77.79% of tariff lines covering 94.81% of imports from Oman, while protecting sensitive sectors like dairy, oilseeds and cereals.

About India-Oman Trade Relations

• Oman is India's second-largest trading partner in Gulf with ~$11 bn bilateral trade.
• Oman’s logistics hubs at Sohar, Duqm and Salalah provide access to India to wider Gulf Cooperation Council and East African markets.

Azim Premji University’s recent study warns of severe, hyper-local climate shifts across India's 11,000-km coastline.

Key Highlights 

• Coastal Erosion: A 15 cm sea-level rise by 2050 will rapidly accelerate shoreline loss.
• Cyclones: Rapid ocean warming (0.27°C/decade) is fueling more intense tropical storms.
• Temperature Anomalies: Around 40 districts will see summer peaks spike by >1°C, approaching unsafe humidity-heat thresholds.

• Polarized Rainfall Pattern: While average precipitation will increase, the growth is concentrated on the western Coast.
• Salinity: Cyclone-driven storm surges are forcing seawater into fresh groundwater (e.g., Sundarbans), ruining drinking supply.

A recent analysis highlighted that ground-level ozone is emerging as a major air pollution challenge in Delhi.

About Ground-Level Ozone (O₃)

• It is a secondary air pollutant (found in the troposphere) formed by reactions between Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight.
  • Formation: NOx + VOCs + Sunlight → Ozone (O₃) 
• Major sources: vehicles, industries and thermal power plants.
• Peaks during summer due to intense solar radiation.
• Impact:  respiratory ailments, crop damage and photochemical smog.
• Unlike stratospheric ozone ("Good Ozone"), which shields Earth from UV rays, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant ("Bad Ozone").
• Safe Limit: 100 µg/m³ for 8-hourly monitored value and 180 µg/m³ for 1-hourly monitored value, both under WHO Standards as well as National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), 2009.

Recently a study reconstructed 4,000 years of climate history of Majuli Island using sediments from Sakali Wetland. 

About Majuli Island

• World’s largest river island located in Assam.
• It became India’s first river island district in 2016.
• Bounded by Subansiri and its tributaries Ranganadi, Dikrong, Dubla,Chici and Tuni etc. on North west; 
  • Kherkatia Suli (spill channel of Brahmaputra) in northeast and Brahmaputra on South and South west. 
• Key Features: Region of fluvial geomorphology; formation of islets locally called Chaporis,  hub of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture (known for tradition of Satras), etc. 
• Included in Tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2004.

Supreme Court ordered immediate removal of encroachers and demolition of illegal structures across Agasthyamalai landscape comprising Agasthyamalai BR. 

About Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve

• Located in southern Western Ghats, in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• Included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (2016).
• The reserve includes three wildlife sanctuaries, Shendurney, Peppara and Neyyar, as well as the Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve.

India is likely to introduce blending of isobutanol with diesel. 

About Isobutanol

• Isobutanol is a four-carbon alcohol (C₄H₁₀O), making it a higher alcohol compared to ethanol, which contains only two carbon atoms. 
• Can be produced from renewable sources like biomass, agricultural waste, or through processes linked to ethanol or sugarcane production.
• Uses: Industrial solvents in products like paints, coatings; potential biofuel for transportation, etc. 
• Suitability in Blending with diesel: Blends uniformly without any additional additives, higher energy content, less volatile and corrosive offering higher compatibility with existing engines and fuel infrastructure.