India has reiterated that the Indus Waters Treaty will remain suspended until Pakistan credibly and irreversibly ends its support for cross-border terrorism.
- India had put the Treaty under abeyance post Pahalgam terrorist attack in April 2025.
About Indus Waters Treaty
- Signed: On 19 September 1960 at Karachi between India and Pakistan, with the World Bank (IBRD) as a signatory/facilitator.
- Came into force with retrospective effect from 1 April 1960.
- Rivers Covered:
- Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas and Sutlej): Allocated to India for unrestricted use.
- Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab): Allocated to Pakistan.
- India is permitted limited use for domestic purposes, non-consumptive uses, irrigation and run-of-the-river hydroelectric projects, in accordance with the Treaty.
- Dispute Resolution under IWT:
- Step 1: Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) with a commissioner from each country. (Meets annually alternatively in both countries).
- Step 2: Neutral Expert (appointed by World Bank) and involves rendering a binding decision.
- Step 3: Court of Arbitration upon agreement between parties or at the request of either party.
Implications of the Suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty | |
For Pakistan:
| For India:
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