Conservation planning for Gangetic dolphin in smaller rivers of the Ganga | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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Conservation planning for Gangetic dolphin in smaller rivers of the Ganga

Posted 01 Jun 2024

2 min read

The study was conducted by scientists by  surveying the tributaries and sub-tributaries of the Ganga river.

Key finding of the study

  • Small rivers harbor more than 15% of the Gangetic dolphins.
  • The distribution of gangetic dolphin has diminished in Son, Ken, Betwa, Sind, Sharda and the upper stretch of the Yamuna River.
  • There is a lack of robust ecological information of smaller rivers that  has hampered overall  river conservation efforts.

Threats to Gangetic dolphins

  • Unintentional killing, overfishing and net entanglement, poaching for dolphin oil, pollution, and fragmented populations from dams.

Recommendations

  • Comprehensive and inclusive conservation strategies that adopt river basin-wide approach.
    • River basin is an area drained by a river and its tributaries.
  • Umbrella-species approach can be adopted to conserve small rivers.
    • It means  that providing adequate space for species which require more space such as gangetic dolphins, will free up space for smaller species in the area.
  • Identification of the priority river stretches for protecting biodiversity along with  monitoring of biodiversity changes, implementing stringent measures to reduce pollution, etc.

About Gangetic dolphins

  • Protection status
    • IUCN: Endangered
    • CITES: Appendix I
    • WPA 1972: Schedule I and IV.
    • Part of Species Recovery Programme.
  • Characteristics
    • A long thin snout, rounded belly, stocky body and large flippers.
    • Only live in freshwater and are essentially blind.
    • Also known as “Susu” based on sound made by them while breathing.
    •  Females are larger than males.
  • Government initiative for protection: Declared as national aquatic animal, Project Dolphins,  Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • Tags :
  • Species Recovery Programme
  • Gangetic Dolphin
  • Project Dolphins
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