Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indian Agriculture | Current Affairs | Vision IAS

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In Summary

  • AI applications in agriculture include soil health diagnostics, climate-responsive crop monitoring, farm mechanisation efficiency, improving price realisation, and enabling precision farming.
  • Key initiatives promoting AI-driven agriculture are Kisan e-Mitra chatbot, National Pest Surveillance System, Digital Agriculture Mission (2024), AgriStack, and Bharat-VISTAAR.
  • Government schemes like PMFBY, YES-TECH, CROPIC, and WINDS leverage technology for crop insurance and data collection.

In Summary

Agriculture is the Cornerstone of Indian Economy offering livelihood to nearly half of India’s population and contributing about 18% to GDP. 

Key Applications of AI in Agriculture

  • Soil Health Diagnostics: Using deep learning by analysing signals from satellite images, drone observations, etc. 
  • Climate-Responsive Crop Monitoring and Advisory Services: Analyses weather and climate data to predict changing rainfall patterns, temperature variations, etc.
  • Farm Mechanisation Efficiency: AI-based systems offer round-the-clock surveillance of high-value crops reducing labour dependency, optimised input use, etc. 
  • Improving Price Realisation for Farmers: AI-driven predictive analytics leverage large datasets from platforms like e-NAM, AGMARKET, etc., to assess price movements. 
  • Enabling Precision Farming: Transforms data from GPS, sensors, satellites, and drones into actionable farm-level insights, offering advisory at localised levels. 

Initiatives to promote AI Driven Agriculture

  • Advisory and Decision Support Services: Kisan e-Mitra, a voice-enabled, AI-powered chatbot; National Pest Surveillance System for early detection of pest infestations and crop diseases, etc. 
  • Data-Driven Governance: Digital Agriculture Mission (2024), to advance delivery of innovative, farmer-centric digital solutions; AgriStack (providing unique  digital ID to farmers linked to land records), Krishi Decision Support System (KDSS), etc
    • Union Budget 2026-27 proposed Bharat-VISTAAR (Virtually Integrated System to Access Agricultural Resources) to integrate AgriStack with AI systems. 
  • Mapping Soil Profile: Nationwide Soil Resource Mapping project, by Soil and Land Use Survey of India (SLUSI).
  • Crop Insurance: Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY); YES-TECH (Yield Estimation System based on Technology); CROPIC (Collection of Real-Time Observations and Photographs of Crops); WINDS (Weather Information and Network Data System), etc. 
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RELATED TERMS

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WINDS

WINDS (Weather Information and Network Data System) is a system designed to collect and disseminate weather-related information. It plays a crucial role in providing data for weather-responsive advisories in agriculture.

YES-TECH

YES-TECH (Yield Estimation System based on Technology) is a system that utilizes technology for estimating crop yields. It likely employs data analytics and remote sensing to provide accurate yield projections.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

A crop insurance scheme of the Government of India, aiming to provide financial support to farmers suffering crop loss or damage.

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