Commemorating World War II's End in Europe

As the world faces geopolitical tensions, Europeans mark the 80th anniversary of Victory in Europe (VE) Day, celebrating the end of World War II. However, Europe's post-war condition was dire, being both shattered and bankrupt, necessitating not only physical reconstruction but also efforts to prevent future conflicts. The phrase "Never again" embodied this resolve, although its resonance is fading amidst current conflicts.

Disparities in Commemoration

Russia vs. Western Europe

• Russia and Western Europe commemorate Nazi Germany's defeat on different days due to historical events around the German surrender.
• Stalin demanded a second surrender signing in Berlin, resulting in May 9 being recognized in Moscow, while Western Europe marks it on May 8.
• Russia emphasizes its massive military losses and contributions, citing 26 million Soviet casualties, including 11 million military deaths.
• Contentions exist about the USSR's delayed second-front opening against Germany and its initial alliance with Nazi Germany.

Modern Military Parades and Historical Narratives

Russia's Victory Day has become a grand military display, reflecting current geopolitical tensions, especially after its invasion of Ukraine. This year, the parade's significance is heightened, with participation from international leaders, including China's President Xi Jinping. Meanwhile, Western Europe focuses more on solemn remembrance.

Post-War Europe and Its Security Framework

The Marshall Plan and NATO

• Post-WWII, the U.S. supported Western Europe's recovery through the Marshall Plan and NATO.
• President Truman described these efforts as "two halves of the same walnut," linking economic recovery with security.
• Western European states moved towards economic and political unity, evidenced by Germany's Bundestag removing limits on defense spending.

Current Geopolitical Tensions

Russia's Threat and Europe's Response

• Europe perceives Russia's actions, particularly in Ukraine, as a direct threat to its security.
• European nations are increasing defense spending and considering America's potential reduced role in NATO.
• The European Union has proposed a defense fund and relaxed defense spending restrictions.
• States like Poland and the Baltic States have withdrawn from treaties like the landmine treaty, preparing for potential conflicts.

Global Stake in Peace

As Europe deals with its internal and external challenges, the implications are global. The conflicts of the past and present concern not just Europe but also nations across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Thus, the quest for peace and stability in Europe is a collective global responsibility.