Dialogue aims to share ideas and explore ways to develop institutional, technical and bilateral synergies to work together in Africa.

• This is the first such dialogue on Africa between India and the US after the inclusion of the African Union as a permanent member of the G20 during India’s presidency of the G20.

Significance of Africa for India

• Strategic: Africa is vital for India’s maritime security, protect trade in the Indian Ocean Region from piracy, etc.
• Economic: Africa's vast natural resources, including oil, gas, minerals, etc., and growing market provide both demand-side and supply-side opportunities for the Indian businesses.
• Energy Security: Collaboration in the renewable energy sector, such as under International Solar Alliance, aligns with shared goals of sustainable development.
• Multilateral: Cooperation with African countries in multilateral forums like UN, Commonwealth, and Non-Aligned Movement enhances India's global influence and prospects of South-South cooperation.

Challenges in India-Africa Relations

• China factor: China's growing influence in Africa through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and investments poses a challenge to India's interests.
• Security: Persistent conflicts and political instability in parts of Africa pose risks to Indian investments, expatriates, and development projects.
• Racial tensions:  African students complain of harassment and discrimination.