It deals with “worst forms of child labour” and is the first ILO Convention to be universally ratified.
- India ratified it in 2017 along with convention No. 138 which deals with minimum age of employment.
Prevalence of Child Labour in India
- As per census 2011,10.1 million children (3.9% of total child population) are working, either as ‘main worker’ or as ‘marginal worker’.
- Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh constitute nearly 55% of total working children in India.
- Child labour mostly persists in agriculture, household industries, roadside dabas, etc.
Reasons for Child Labour in India
- Poverty forces families to rely on their children's labour to make their ends meet.
- Lack of quality education increases the likelihood of children entering the workforce prematurely.
- Disasters, conflicts and mass migration leads to economic instability and disrupts families exposing children to labour.
- Demand for Cheap Labour in various industries such as agriculture, domestic work.
- Lack of stringent legislation and enforcement of laws.
Government measures to prevent child labourConstitutional Provisions
Legal Framework
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