India is one of 25 countries participating in this third conference, which aims to find ways to improve the lives of Afghan people under Taliban rule.

• It will supplement previous efforts such as Delhi Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan, Moscow Format consultations, etc.

Conference allowed the Taliban to position themselves as the sole representative of Afghanistan.

• Taliban returned to power in 2021 after waging an insurgency against the U.S.-backed government since 2001.

Peaceful and Stable Afghanistan is significant for Region as well as for India:

• Regional connectivity: Afghanistan is considered as a gateway to Central Asian Region.
• Security: Reduced insurgency and cross-border terrorism can lead to a more secure environment for India's northern and western borders.
  • Unstable Afghanistan may become safe shelter for terrorists.
• Energy and resources: Stability in Afghanistan could pave the way for the Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India (TAPI) pipeline.
• Curbing Drug trafficking: Stable government in Afghanistan can better tackle drug trafficking.
  • Afghanistan is part of the Death Crescent along with Pakistan and Iran. 
  • States like Punjab are highly affected by it.