The Lieutenant Governor of Punjab under British rule who sanctioned the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. He was assassinated by Udham Singh in London.

A prominent revolutionary freedom fighter from Punjab who avenged the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by assassinating Michael O'Dwyer. His actions embody patriotism, valour, and secularism.

A principle that advocates for the separation of state from religion and religious institutions. In the Indian context, it means equal respect and treatment for all religions by the state, with no religion being favoured or discriminated against. This is a fundamental tenet of the Indian Constitution.