National Statistical Office (NSO) Survey Shows Improved Access and Affordability in India’s Healthcare System | Current Affairs | Vision IAS

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In Summary

  • 80th round survey highlights low OOPE, with public hospitalizations costing around ₹1,100 and institutional deliveries at 95.6% (rural) and 97.8% (urban).
  • Epidemiological transition shows declining infectious diseases and rising non-communicable diseases, supported by increased public healthcare use and expanded insurance coverage.
  • Key initiatives like PM-JAY, AMRIT, Janani Suraksha Yojana, and National Health Mission aim to improve access to medicines, maternal care, and diagnostics.

In Summary

It has recently released its 80th round survey on Household Social Consumption on Health

Key Highlights

  • Low Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE): Over half of hospitalisation cases in public hospitals incur only around ₹1,100.
  • Better Maternal Care: Institutional deliveries increased to 95.6% (rural) and 97.8% (urban).
  • Epidemiological transition: There is decline in infectious diseases and a rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases. E.g. Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease.
  • Improved Access: Supported by zero median outpatient cost in public facilities and over 1.84 lakh Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs).
  • Increased Public Healthcare Use: Outpatient care in rural public facilities increased from 28% (2014) to 35% (2025), driven by expanded primary healthcare services.
  • Insurance Coverage Expansion: Government health insurance coverage rose sharply to 45.5% (rural) and 31.8% (urban).

Key Health Initiatives

  • Insurance: Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) provides cashless health  cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year to poor and vulnerable families.
  • Medicines: E.g. Affordable Medicines and Reliable Implants for Treatment (AMRIT), Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana(PMBJP), etc. 
  • Maternal Care: Janani Suraksha Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan strengthen mother and child healthcare services. 
  • National Health Mission: It ensures free drugs and diagnostics under Free Drugs Service Initiative (FDSI) and Free Diagnostics Initiative (FDI), improving access in remote areas.
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Free Diagnostics Initiative (FDI)

A component of the National Health Mission that provides essential diagnostic services free of cost in public healthcare facilities, enhancing access to timely and accurate diagnosis for all patients.

Free Drugs Service Initiative (FDSI)

An initiative under the National Health Mission aimed at ensuring the availability of essential medicines free of cost to patients in public healthcare facilities, thereby reducing out-of-pocket expenditure on pharmaceuticals.

National Health Mission

The National Health Mission (NHM) encompasses its two sub-missions, the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). It aims to provide effective healthcare to the rural and urban poor. It is a major CSS under review.

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