Solar Radiation Modification: A Controversial Climate Solution
The concept of cooling the Earth by reflecting sunlight back into space, once considered a fringe fantasy, is gaining traction in serious climate discussions due to alarming climate forecasts.
Urgency in Climate Action
- The World Meteorological Organization warns of a potential 2°C rise in global temperatures above pre-industrial levels within the next five years, threatening ecosystems and human populations.
Introduction to Solar Radiation Modification (SRM)
- Objective: Reflect sunlight to cool the planet artificially.
- Methods: Include injecting sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere and spreading reflective particles.
- Risks: Potential for unintended consequences like regional droughts and incomplete models.
Funding and Research Initiatives
- Financial Growth: Significant increase in funding from $34.9 million (2010-2014) to $112.1 million (2020-2024).
- Future Investments: $164.7 million committed from 2025 to 2029.
- Key Players: UK’s Advanced Research and Innovation Agency (ARIA) investing $80 million in SRM experiments.
Challenges and Criticisms
- Political and Scientific Hesitation: Some projects paused due to backlash and scientific concerns.
- Independent Experiments: Private and DIY initiatives, like the Arctic Ice Project, face protests and legal scrutiny.
- Legal and Ethical Concerns: Potential violations of international laws such as the Vienna Convention.
Future of SRM
- Fossil Fuel Concerns: Critics fear SRM could distract from reducing emissions.
- Uncertain Proposition: SRM’s future depends on political will, public oversight, and global consensus.
