International Organization for Migration (IOM) released a report “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths” | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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    International Organization for Migration (IOM) released a report “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths”

    Posted 02 Apr 2024

    2 min read

    • Report was released on completion of ten year of IOM’s Missing Migrants Project (MMP)
      • MMP was launched in 2014 to document deaths and disappearances of people in migration process towards an international destination.
      • IOM, Established in 1951, is leading intergovernmental organization in field of migration.
        • Headquartered at Geneva (Switzerland) and consists of 175 member states (including India).

     

    • Key findings
      • More than one in three migrants whose country of origin could be identified comes from countries in conflict.
      • More than two-thirds of those whose deaths were documented through IOM’s MMP are unidentified.
      • Major causes of death: Drowning; Vehicle accidents; Suffocation due to fuel inhalation, Inadequate shelter, healthcare etc.
    • Migration refers to movement of persons away from their place of usual residence, either across an international border or within State.
    • Factors behind Migrations: Urbanisation, Marriage, Economic disparities, Political instability, Impacts of climate change, etc.

     

    • Consequences of migration
      • Intermixing of diverse cultures and evolution of composite culture.
      • Overcrowding in cities led to their haphazard growth and slum development.
      • Changes resource- population ratio.
      • Brain drain i.e. skilled people migrate from poorer countries to developed countries for better economic opportunities.

     

    Initiatives taken related to Migration

    • Global:
      • Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM): First intergovernmental agreement, prepared under United Nations, to cover all dimensions of international migration in holistic manner. 
    • India:
      • Welfare measures in destination countries like Pravasi Bharatiya Bima Yojana.
      • Pre-departure orientation Training to better prepare migrants for their life abroad and awareness of their rights, duties, etc.
    • Tags :
    • Migration
    • International Organization for Migration
    • Missing Migrants Project
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