- The study was conducted by National Institute of Advanced Studies and Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology.
- Key-highlights
- Indian regions encountered a mysterious trend reversal in pollution ( PM2.5) during the winter of 2022–23.
- The unusually worst air quality over South-Western India, whereas relatively cleaner air over the highly polluted North India was observed.
- Factors Responsible:
- Winter in 2022 coincided with the last phase of an unusual triple-dip (or three consecutive years) La Nina event.
- The change in the normal wind direction: During normal time, the wind blows in the north-westerly direction (from Punjab towards and Gangetic plains) which is responsible for stubble burning pollutants to flow in Delhi.
- However, in the winter of 2022 the wind circulation was in the north-south direction. Air pollutants being carried from Punjab and Haryana bypassed Delhi (lesser pollution) and surrounding areas and flew over western and southern regions.
- La-Nina refers to the periodic cooling of ocean surface temperatures in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific.
- Typically, occurs every 3 to 5 years or so.
- It positively impacts the Indian Monsoon.