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  • Radiation therapy, or radiotherapy, is a type of cancer treatment in which cancerous cells are killed by exposing them to ionizing radiations, such as X-rays, gamma rays, high-energy electrons or heavy particles.

 

  • Types of Radiation therapy
    • External (Teletherapy): Uses a linear accelerator and radiations are sent from a distance to target cells.
    • Internal (Brachytherapy): Source of radiation is put inside the body.

 

  • Significance: Highly effective and well-established treatment for brain, breast, head and neck, cervical cancers, etc., while minimizing damage to healthy tissues from high doses of radiation.

 

  • Potential side-effects of Radiotherapy: Fatigue, Nausea, Hair loss, Loss of appetite, etc.

 

  • Proton therapy is an advanced and highly precise radiation treatment for cancerous cells. Compared with traditional methods, it focuses more energy on cancerous cells itself with less radiation to surrounding healthy tissues.

 

  • Traditional radiotherapy vs. Proton therapy
ParametersTraditional Radiation TherapyProton therapy
Risk of damaging the nearby healthy cellsLowVery low
Applicability Not suitable for treatment near sensitive organs like eyes, brain, spine, etc.Suitable for treatment near sensitive organs like eyes, brain, etc.
CostLess expensiveMore expensive.
Side effectsMostly severe, affecting day to day activitiesLess severe and do not interfere with normal functioning.
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