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The Code on Wages, 2019

23 Dec 2025
2 min

Consolidates four laws relating to wages and remuneration.

  • Aim: To strengthen workers' rights while promoting simplicity and uniformity in wage-related compliance for employers.
  • Key Provisions
    • Universal Minimum Wages: The Code establishes a statutory right to minimum wages for all employees across both organized and unorganized sectors.
      • Criteria for Wage Fixation: skill levels, geographic areas, and job conditions such as temperature, humidity, or hazardous environments.
    • Introduction of Floor Wage: A statutory floor wage shall be set by the Government based on minimum living standards, with scope for regional variation. 
      • No state can fix minimum wages below this level, ensuring uniformity and adequacy nationwide.
    • Compensation: Mandates timely payment and provides for overtime compensation at least 2x the normal rate.
    • Simplification: Standardises key definition e.g. 'wages',' employee', across the entire legislative framework, reducing compliance confusion.

Merits/significance 

Concerns/Demerits 

  • Reduced Regional Disparity: As it allows Central govt to fix National Floor Wage based on minimum living standards.
  • Ensures Gender Equality: Equal wages and working conditions across genders (including transgenders).
  • Establishes Trust based ecosystem: By Decriminalization of Offences i.e. it replaces imprisonment for some 1st time offences with monetary fines.
  • Implementation: The success of the provisions hinges on effective implementation, especially in the informal and rural sectors.
  • Federal Rights: May be impacted as right to decide minimum wages in the States will be impacted due to national floor wage.

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